Thursday, April 14, 2011

Bengali New Year 1418

Today is the 14th of April, 2011 and first day of Bengali New Year of 1418. Before I go back to the history of the Bengali Calendar I am wishing everybody “Shuvo Noboborsho”  "শুভ নববর্ষ" . As like other years, this year's first day of Bengali Calendar was also celebrated across the whole country traditionally.


History of Bengali / Bangla Calendar:
Mughal Emperor Akbar was remembered for many significant works in Bangla. His father Emperor Humayun was died early and suddenly the power of ruling a kingdom came to Akbar’s hand in 1556 while he was only 14 years of old. Bangla was an important kingdom for Mughal Empire. As soon as Akbar sat as an emperor, Agra and Delhi went to Himu’s conquered. Then Himu targeted Akbar and attacked him. Akbar with Bairam Khan, defeated Himu in Panipat Battle in 1556. To collect tax from farmers easily He introduced the “Elahi Shon”.


At Mughal Empire, kings collected tax according to the Hijri Year (Arabic Calendar). According to Hijri Calendar, one year is equal to around 354 days. So approximately it is 11 days shorter than English calendar. It created confusion among the farmers as they could bring their crops after a certain time. As a result the farmers had to struggle to pay their tax in time. So Akbar had to bring changes in calendar and he gave the responsibility over Amir Fateh ali Shirazi to do that. With his afford, a new calendar was established in 10th or 11th March, 1584. This new calendar was named as “Elahi Shon”, which was familiar as “Foshli Shon” to the farmers. Next it became “Bengali Year” by changing.  This calendar was introduced first in Akbar 29th years of conquered, but the counting of this calendar began from 1556 as he defeated Himu in a historical battle in 1556.

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